Information processes. Information. Information processes A17. What files are infected by macro viruses?

Properties of information are nothing more than signs of information - its qualitative characteristics.

These properties are closely interrelated:

objectivity - subjectivity,
reliability - unreliability,
completeness - incompleteness,
relevance - irrelevance,
value - uselessness,
clarity - incomprehensibility.

Objectivity. Information is objective if it does not depend on anyone’s opinion or judgment.

Example. The message “It’s warm outside” carries subjective information, and the message “It’s 22 degrees Celsius outside” carries objective information (if the thermometer is working). Objective information can be obtained using working sensors, measuring instruments. But, reflected in the consciousness of a particular person, information ceases to be objective and becomes subjective, since it is transformed depending on the opinion, judgment, experience, and knowledge of a particular subject.

Credibility. Information is reliable if it reflects the true state of affairs.

Example. While talking on the phone, noise interferes with hearing the interlocutor, which makes it impossible to accurately perceive the information; in this case, the information will be unreliable. Objective information is always reliable; but reliable information can be both objective and subjective. Reliable information helps us make the right decision. Information may be inaccurate for the following reasons:

deliberate distortion (disinformation);
distortion due to interference (“damaged phone”);
unintentional distortion (rumors, stories, fishing stories).

Completeness. Information can be called complete if it is sufficient to understand the situation and make a decision. For example, the historian’s dream is to have complete information about past eras. But historical information is never complete, and the completeness of information decreases as the historical era moves away from us. Even events that took place before our eyes are fully documented, much is forgotten, and memories are distorted. Incomplete information may lead to an erroneous conclusion or decision.

Relevance(timeliness) of information is important, material for the present time.

Example. The message “It’s raining outside now” is relevant to a person who is going to go outside, but not relevant to a person who is going to stay at home. Only timely information received can bring the necessary benefits, for example, warnings about earthquakes, hurricanes, and other natural disasters. Information may be outdated for two reasons: it may be outdated (last year's newspaper) or insignificant, unnecessary (for example, a message that prices in Italy have been reduced by 5%).

Usefulness or uselessness. Since there is no boundary between these concepts, we should talk about the degree of usefulness in relation to the needs of specific people. The usefulness of information is assessed by the tasks that we can solve with its help.

Example. The message “There will be a math test tomorrow” is useful for a student - he can prepare, but it is useless to him if he has a fever and does not go to school.

The most valuable information for us is quite useful, complete, objective, and reliable. At the same time, let us take into account that a small percentage of useless information even helps, allowing you to rest on uninformative sections of the text. And the most complete, most reliable information cannot be new.

Understandability. Information is understandable if it is expressed in a language understandable to the recipient.

Example. Music notation for a music school student carries clear information. But for a student unfamiliar with musical notation, this information will simply be incomprehensible.

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1. Economic information is information...
characterizing production relations in society
necessary for solving various kinds of economic problems
arising in various areas of economic activity

2. The efficiency of information reflects
relevance of information for necessary calculations and decision-making in changed conditions
average time for collecting and transmitting economic information in the information system
speed of bringing economic information to the consumer

3. Information reflecting the true state of affairs
Reliable
Current
Objective
Useful
Understandable

4. Example information processes– processes...
construction of buildings and structures
chemical water purification
receiving, searching, storing, transmitting, processing and using information
electricity production
extraction of minerals from the bowels of the Earth

5. The functional components of an economic information system mean a system...
management functions - a complete set (complex) of management work interconnected in time and space, necessary to achieve the goals set for the enterprise
time-related functions that describe technological processes of information processing in an information system
functions characterizing the processes of collecting, transmitting, processing and bringing information to the consumer

6. By information carrier we mean...
communication line
information process parameter
personal computer storage device
computer
a material substance that can be used to record, store and/or transmit information
intangible information that stores data about a person

7. Types of information systems depending on the degree of automation
Manual
Manual
Automatic
Automated
semi-automated

8. An information system is...
system for storing information about a specific object
information production system
a communication system for collecting, transmitting, and processing information about a specific object, providing workers with information to implement management functions

9. Economic informatics is a science...
about the processes of obtaining economic information using computer and organizational technology
studying methods automated processing economic information using computer and organizational technology
studying methods of studying economic structures in order to identify places where information arises

10. Information presented in a language understandable to the recipient
Reliable
Current
Objective
Useful
Understandable

11. Automated Information system- This …
an information processing system that involves complete automation of any sphere of human activity
a set of information arrays, technical, software and language tools intended for collecting, storing, searching, processing and issuing data according to user requests
information processing system that involves automation of data collection, storage, retrieval and retrieval

12. The accuracy of information means...
degree of permissible distortion of information
correct display of economic information
unambiguous perception of information by all users

13. Information technology- this is a system...
user interaction when solving applied problems
methods and methods of collecting, accumulating, storing, searching, processing and issuing information
methods and methods for solving applied economic problems

14. Information not subject to personal opinion or judgment
Reliable
Current
Objective
Useful
Understandable

15. Types of economic information
accounting
valuable
regulatory and technical
reliable
directive
planned
statistical
economic planning

16. Economic information? this is information...
characterizing the results of economic activity
characterizing production relations in society
financial, labor and natural resources

17. The simplest and most common type of architectural and technological solutions for constructing automated workstations is based on...
mainframe computers
small computers
personal computers

18. Requirements characterizing economic information
Efficiency
Accuracy
Credibility
value
reliability
adequacy

19. Information sufficient to solve the problem
Reliable
Current
Objective
Full
Understandable

20. Information support is...
a set of governing documents used at the enterprise and form the basis of the database
a set of methods and means for placing and organizing information, including classification and coding systems, unified documentation systems, rationalization of document flow and document forms, methods for creating in-machine information base information system
a set of planning-accounting, normative-reference and reporting-statistical information, systematized and presented in the intramachine sphere

21. Information is significant and important at the moment
Reliable
Current
Objective
Useful
Understandable

22. Information with which you can solve the problem
Reliable
Current
Objective
Useful
Understandable

23. Based on the place of origin, economic information is divided into:
input
intermediate
day off
unknown

24. Computer software is a set of programs...
procedures and rules, together with the documentation associated with these components, allowing the use of a computer to solve various problems
allowing the use of computers to solve various problems
and documentation that allows you to use a computer to solve various problems

25. Types of economic information
Accounting
Valuable
Regulatory and technical
Reliable
Directive
Planned

Final annual test for the 8th grade course with answers. Consists of block A, including 20 questions with a choice of one answer option, block B, consisting of 5 questions. The main topics of the course according to the program of Ugrinovich N.D. are considered.

1 option

Block A.

A1. Information about the objects of the world around us is:

information
an object
item
Informatics

A2. Information presented in a language accessible to the recipient is called:

understandable
full
useful
relevant

A3. A person receives the greatest amount of information through:

hearing organs
organs of vision
olfactory organs
organs of touch

A4. Binary code each character when encoding text information(V ASCII codes) occupies the memory of a personal computer:

1 byte
2 bytes
1 bit

A5. Temperature measurement is

storage process
transfer process
receiving process
protection process

A6. What is 1 byte?

1024 KB
4 bit
8 bit
10 MB

A7. The Morse code alphabet consists of:

zeros and ones
made of dots and dashes
of 10 different signs
from one sign

A8. Assuming that each character is encoded in one byte, determine the information volume of the following statement by Jean-Jacques Rousseau:
Thousands of paths lead to error, but only one to truth.

92 bits
220 bit
456 bit
512 bit

A9. Unicode has two bytes for each character. Determine the information volume of a word of twenty-four characters in this encoding.

384 bits
192 bits
256 bit
48 bit

A10. The meteorological station monitors air humidity. The result of one measurement is an integer from 0 to 100 percent, which is written using the smallest possible number of bits. The station made 80 measurements. Determine the information volume of the observation results.

80 bit
70 bytes
80 bytes
560 bytes

A11. Computer architecture is

technical description of computer device parts
description of devices for input/output of information
description software for computer operation
list of devices connected to the PC

A12. A device for entering information from a sheet of paper is called:

plotter;
streamer;
driver;
scanner;

A13. What PC device is intended for outputting information?

CPU
monitor
keyboard
record player

A14. The permanent storage device is used to store:

especially valuable application programs
especially valuable documents
constantly used programs
programs for booting a computer and testing its nodes

A15. The driver is

long-term storage device
a program that controls a specific external device
input device
output device

A16. Operating systems include:

database management systems
programming systems
application software
system software

A17. What is a computer virus?

application program
system program
programs that can “multiply” and secretly insert copies of themselves into files, boot sectors disks and documents
database

A18. Majority antivirus programs detect viruses by

masking algorithms
samples of their program code
habitat
destructive impact

A19. What makes it impossible to connect a computer to the global network:

computer type
composition of peripheral devices
no disk drive
no network card

A20. The mathematics textbook contains the following types of information:

graphic, text and sound
graphic, sound and numerical
purely numerical information
graphic, text and numeric

Block B.

Answer: 1d), 2a), 3c), 4b), 5d)

Answer: 1e), 2a), 3d), 4b), 5c)

AT 3. Which of the following refers to computer output devices? Please indicate letters in your answer.

Scanner
Printer
Plotter
Monitor
Microphone
Columns

Answer: b, c, d, e

Purpose		Device
1. Input device		a) monitor
2. Output devices		b) printer
		c) floppy disk
		d) scanner
		d) digitizer

Answer: 1d,e, 2a,b

AT 5. How many bits does the word “computer science” contain? Write down only the number in your answer.

Option 2

Block A.

When completing the tasks of this part, choose the correct one from the four options offered to you.

A1. The subject of computer science is:

programming language
robot device
methods of accumulation, storage, processing, transmission of information
public awareness

A2. Information that reflects the true state of affairs is called

understandable
full
useful
reliable

A3. Information according to the way it is perceived is divided into:

social, technological, genetic, biological
textual, numerical, graphic, musical, combined
visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory
scientific, production, technical, management

A4. The binary code of each character when encoding text information (in Unicode codes) occupies the memory of a personal computer:

1 byte
2 bytes
2 bits

A5. Blackmail using compromising materials is a process

decoding information
information coding
information search
use of information (criminal)

A6. The minimum unit of measurement for the amount of information is taken to be:

1 baud
1 bit
256 bytes
1 byte

A7. What number system does the computer use?

in binary
in hexadecimal
in decimal
all answers are correct

A8. Assuming that each character is encoded by one byte, determine the information volume of the following statement by Alexei Tolstoy: The one who does nothing makes no mistakes, although this is his main mistake.

512 bit
608 bit
8 KB
123 bytes

A9. Assuming that each character is encoded by 16 bits, estimate the information volume of the following Pushkin phrase in Unicode encoding: A habit has been given to us from above: It is a substitute for happiness.

44 bits
704 bits
44 bytes
704 bytes

A10. 678 athletes participate in cyclocross. A special device registers each participant's passing of the intermediate finish, recording its number using the minimum possible number of bits, the same for each athlete. What is the information volume of the message recorded by the device after 200 cyclists have completed the intermediate finish?

200 bits
200 bytes
220 bytes
250 bytes

A11. Personal computer cases are:

horizontal and vertical
internal and external

A12. Scanners are:

horizontal and vertical
internal and external
manual, roller and tablet
matrix, inkjet and laser

A13. Printers cannot be:

tablet;
matrix;
laser;
jet;

A14. You can save information before turning off your computer

in RAM
in external memory
in the magnetic disk controller
in ROM

A15. The program is:

algorithm written in a programming language
command set operating system computer
a directed graph indicating the order in which computer commands are executed
protocol for interaction between computer network components

A16. Operating system:

a system of programs that ensures the joint operation of all computer devices for processing information
a system of mathematical operations for solving individual problems
system of scheduled repair and maintenance of computer equipment
document scanning program

A17. What files are infected by macro viruses?

executive;
graphic and sound;
files Word documents and Excel spreadsheets;
html documents.

A18. What is the antivirus program based on?

waiting for the start of a virus attack
to compare program codes with known viruses
on deleting infected files
on creating viruses

A19. A device that converts analog signals into digital signals and vice versa is called:

LAN card
modem
CPU
adapter

A20. The main advantages of working with text in text editor(in comparison with a typewriter) should be called:

possibility of multiple text editing
possibility of more speed dial text
the ability to reduce labor intensity when working with text
ability to use different fonts when typing

Block B.

B1. Establish a correspondence between the types of process information and the actions that implement them.

1) LETTER		a) HPSNB
2) FORM		c) VFLGB
3) SHINE		b) CHYHSB
4) NUMBER		d) GPSPO
5) RAVEN		d) VMETL

Answer: 1d, 2b, 3a, 4c, 5d

AT 3. Which of the following refers to computer input devices? Please indicate letters in your answer.

Scanner
Printer
Plotter
Monitor
Microphone
Columns

Answer: b, d

AT 4. When determining the correspondence for all elements of the 1st column, indicated by a number, one element of the 2nd column, indicated by a letter, is indicated. In this case, one element of the 2nd column can correspond to several elements of the 1st column (for multiple matching tasks) or not correspond to any of the elements of the 1st column (for single-valued matching tasks).

Answer: 1d,d 2a,b

AT 5. How many bytes does the word “information” contain? Write down only the number in your answer.

Option 3

Block A.

When completing the tasks of this part, choose the correct one from the four options offered to you.

A1. One of the fundamental concepts of computer science is:

Pascal
information
link
Norton Commander

A2. Information that does not depend on personal opinion or judgment is called:

reliable
relevant
objective
full

A3. Provides visual information:

painting
sound of thunder
apple taste
mosquito bite

A4. In what language is the information processed by the computer presented?

in BASIC
in text form
in binary codes
V decimal system dead reckoning

A5. Translation of text from in English in Russian it can be called:

storage process
receiving process
protection process
processing process

A6. Place the signs<, =, >in the following chain: 20 bytes... 1000 bits... 1 MB... 1024 KB... 1 GB

<, <, =, <
>, =, >, <
<, >, =, <
=, >, =, <

A7. The code is called:

sequence of characters
a set of symbols (conventions) to represent information

A8. Assuming that each character is encoded by one byte, determine the information volume of the following statement by Rene Descartes:
I think, therefore I exist.

28 bit
272 bits
32 KB
34 bits

A9. Assuming that each character is encoded with 16 bits, estimate the information volume of the following phrase in Unicode encoding:
There are 6000 milliliters in six liters.

1024 bytes
1024 bits
512 bytes
512 bit

A10. In production, there is an automated system for informing the warehouse about the need to deliver certain groups of consumables to the workshop. The system is designed in such a way that a conditional number of consumables is transmitted to the warehouse via a communication channel (in this case, the same, but the minimum possible number of bits in the binary representation of this number is used). It is known that a request was sent for the supply of 9 groups of materials out of 19 used in production. Determine the volume of the message sent.

35 bytes
45 bit
55 bit
65 bytes

A11. In what PC device is information processed?

external memory
display
CPU

A12. The information input device - joystick - is used:

for computer games;
when carrying out engineering calculations;
for transferring graphic information to a computer;
for transmitting symbolic information to a computer;

A13. There are no monitors

monochrome
liquid crystal
CRT based
infrared

A14. External memory includes:

modem, disk, cassette
cassette, optical disc, tape recorder
disc, cassette, optical disc
Mouse, light pen, hard drive

A15. Application software is:

reference application for programs
text and graphic editors, training and testing programs, games
set of gaming programs

A16. OS:

DOS, Windows, Unix
Word, Excel, Power Point
(hospital department staff): head. department, 2 surgeons, 4 medical. Sisters
dr. Web, Kaspersky Anti-Virus

A17. Viruses that can live in document files are called:

network
macro viruses
file
bootable

A18. Which of the following programs are antivirus programs?

Doctor WEB, AVG
WinZip, WinRar
Word, PowerPoint
Excel, Internet Explorer

A19. The combination of computers and local networks located at a remote distance for the common use of the world's information resources is called...

the local network
global network
corporate network
regional network

A20. When working with a text editor, the following personal computer hardware is required:

keyboard, display, processor, random access memory
external storage device, printer
mouse, scanner, hard drive
modem, plotter

Block B.

B1. Establish a correspondence between the types of process information and the actions that implement them.

Answer: 1a, 2d, 3c, 4b, 5d

1) MAST		a) LPSHLB
2) HAIR		c) NBSHUB
3) CAT		b) PUGYOU
4) BOUQUET		d) VFLEU
5) ANSWER		e) GPMPT

Answer: 1c, 2d, 3a, 4d, 5b

AT 3. Which of the following is a storage medium? Please indicate letters in your answer.

Scanner
flash card
Plotter
HDD
Microphone

Answer: b, d

Answer: 1d,e 2a,b,c,e

AT 5. How many bytes does the word “message” contain? Write down only the number in your answer.

Option 4

Block A.

When completing the tasks of this part, choose the correct one from the four options offered to you.

A1. Search, collection, storage, transformation, use of information is the subject of study:

computer science
cybernetics
robotics
Internet

A2. Information that is significant and important at the moment is called:

full
useful
relevant
reliable

A3. A person receives tactile information through:

special devices
thermometers
barometers
organs of touch

A4. The code is called:

a rule describing the mapping of a set of characters from one alphabet to a set of characters from another alphabet
arbitrary finite sequence of characters
a rule describing the mapping from one set of characters to another set of characters or words
fixed length binary word
sequence of words over a binary character set

A5. Video recording of the school holiday is carried out for

information processing
information storage
transfer of information
information search

A6. What is 5 kilobytes equal to?

5000 bytes
5000bit
5120 bits
5120 bytes

A7. What does a computer mean by zero or one when writing binary code?

Yes or no
0 or 1
no electrical signal or electrical signal present
all answers are correct

A8. Assuming that each character is encoded by one byte, estimate the information volume of the following sentence from Pushkin’s quatrain:
The singer-David was small in stature, but he knocked down Goliath!

400 bits
50 bits
400 bytes
5 bytes

A9. Assuming that each character is encoded by 16 bits, estimate the information volume of the following sentence:
Blessed is he who believes, he is warm in the world!

78 bit
80 bytes
312 bit
624 bits

A10. The chessboard consists of 8 columns and 8 rows. What is the minimum number of bits required to encode the coordinates of one chessboard?

A11. The minimum composition of a personal computer...

hard drive, disk drive, monitor, keyboard
monitor, keyboard, system unit
printer, keyboard, monitor, memory
system unit, modem, hard drive

A12. Which of the following input devices belongs to the class of manipulators:

touchpad;
joystick;
microphone;
keyboard

A13. Printers are:

desktop, portable
matrix, laser, inkjet
monochrome, color, black and white
CRT based

A14. To store programs required to start and test the computer when it is turned on, you must:

A15. A graphic editor is a program designed to... create

graphic text image
editing the type and style of the font
working with graphic images
diagramming
there are no correct answers

A16. In the Windows operating system, a file's own name cannot contain the character

question mark (?)
comma (,)
dot (.)
addition sign (+)

A17. By what mandatory criterion was the name “virus” attributed to computer programs?

ability to mutate
self-reproduction ability
divisibility
resizability

A18. Antivirus programs are

scanning and recognition programs
programs that detect and treat computer viruses
programs that only detect viruses
archiver programs, dearchivers

A19. Global network

association of computers within one city, region, country
combining computers located at a great distance from each other
combining local networks within one corporation to solve common problems
association of computers located at a short distance from each other

A20. Text editing is:

the process of making changes to existing text
procedure for saving text on disk as a text file
the process of transmitting text information over a computer network
the procedure for reading previously created text from an external storage device

Block B.

B1. Establish a correspondence between the types of process information and the actions that implement them.

Answer: 1b, 2d, 3a, 4c, 5d

AT 2. Encode the words using the Caesar code.

1) ROCK		a) ShchBRLB
2) HAT		c) VPLBM
3) GLASS		b) LMBTT
4TH GRADE		d) SPLPU
5) PILLAR		e) TUPMV

Answer: 1d, 2a, 3c, 4b, 5d

AT 3. Which of the following applies to internal memory? Please indicate letters in your answer.

HDD
diskette
magnetic disk

Answer: b,c

AT 4. Match

Net		Description
1. Local network		a) association of computers located at a great distance from each other
2. Regional network		b) combining local networks within one corporation to solve common problems
3. Corporate network		c) consolidation of computers within one city, region, country
4. Global network		d) association of computers located at a short distance from each other

Answer: 1d, 2c, 3b, 4a

AT 5. How many bytes does the word “communication” contain? Write down only the number in your answer.

Test Information and information processes 8th grade consists of 26 questions and is intended to test the results of learning in computer science in the 8th grade on the relevant topic.

1. Which of the following statements most accurately reveals the meaning of the concept “information” from an everyday point of view?
a) a sequence of characters of some alphabet
b) library book collection
c) information about the surrounding world and the processes occurring in it, perceived by a person directly or with the help of special devices
d) information contained in scientific theories

2. A signal is called continuous:

c) carrying textual information

3. A signal is called discrete:
a) taking a finite number of specific values
b) continuously changing over time
c) which can be decoded
d) carrying any information

4. Information that does not depend on personal opinion or judgment is called:
a) understandable
b) relevant
c) objective
d) useful

5. Information that is significant and important at the moment is called:
a) useful
b) relevant
c) reliable
d) objective

6. Based on the way a person perceives, the following types of information are distinguished:
a) textual, numerical, graphical, tabular, etc.
b) scientific, social, political, economic, religious, etc.
c) ordinary, production, technical, managerial

7. It is known that a physically healthy person receives the greatest amount of information with the help of:
a) hearing organs
b) organs of vision
c) organs of touch
d) olfactory organs
d) taste buds

8. Indicate the “extra” object from the point of view of the agreement on the meaning of the signs used:
a) letters
b) road signs
c) numbers
d) musical notes

9. Indicate the “extra” object in terms of the type of writing:
a) Russian language
b) English
c) Chinese
d) French

10. Formal languages include:
a) Russian language
b) Latin
c) Chinese
d) French

11. According to the form of presentation, information can be divided into the following types:
a) mathematical, biological, medical, psychological, etc.
b) symbolic and figurative
c) everyday, scientific, production, management
d) visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory

12. Discretization of information is:
a) a physical process that changes over time
b) quantitative characteristic of the signal
c) the process of converting information from continuous form to discrete form
d) the process of converting information from discrete form to continuous

13. Give the most complete answer.
Binary coding uses an alphabet consisting of:
a) 0 and 1
b) the words YES and NO
c) signs + and −
d) any two characters

14. How many different sequences of plus and minus symbols are there, exactly six characters long?
a) 64
b) 50
c) 32
d) 20

15. For five letters of the Latin alphabet, their binary codes are given (for some letters - from two bits, for some - from three bits). These codes are presented below:
A - 000, B - 01, C - 100, D - 10, E - 011
Determine which set of letters is encoded in a binary string 0110100011000 .
a) EWSEA
b) BDDEA
c) BDCEA
d) EBAEA

16. The chessboard consists of 8 columns and 8 rows. What is the minimum number of bits required to encode the coordinates of one chess field?
a) 4
b) 5
at 6
d) 7

17. In which line are the units of measurement of information arranged in ascending order?
a) gigabyte, megabyte, kilobyte, byte, bit
b) bit, byte, megabyte, kilobyte, gigabyte
c) byte, bit, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte
d) bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte

18. The message size is 11 KB. The message contains 11,264 characters. What is the power of the alphabet with which the message is written?
a) 64
b)128
c) 256
d) 512

19. A text of 600 characters is given. It is known that the characters are taken from a table of size 16 x 32. Determine the information volume of the text in bits.
a) 1000
b) 2400
c) 3600
d) 5400

20. Two texts contain the same number of characters. The first text is composed of alphabet characters with a power of 16, and the second text is composed of alphabet characters with a power of 256. How many times is the amount of information in the second text greater than in the first?
a) 12
b) 2
c) 24
d) 4

21. Information processes are:
a) processes of construction of buildings and structures
b) processes of chemical and mechanical water purification
c) processes of collecting, storing, processing, searching and transmitting information
d) electricity production processes

22. By information carrier we usually mean:
a) communication line
b) the Internet
c) computer
d) a material object on which information can be recorded in one way or another

23. Which line correctly represents the information transfer scheme?
a) source → encoder → decoder → receiver
b) source → encoder → communication channel → decoder → receiver
c) source → encoder → interference → decoder → receiver
d) source → decoding device → communication channel → encoding device → receiver

24. Hypertext is:
a) very large text
b) text in which links can be followed
c) text typed on a computer
d) text that uses a large font size

25. Search engine NOT is:
a) Google
b) FireFox
c) Rambler
d) Yandex

26. The table shows queries to the search engine. Which query will find the largest number of matching pages?
a) breeding & keeping & swordtails & catfish
b) content & swordtails
c) (contents & swordtails) | catfish
d) keeping & swordtails & catfish

Answers to the test Information and information processes, grade 8
1-in
2-b
3-a
4-in
5 B
6-g
7-b
8-b
9-in
10-b
11-b
12-v
13th
14-a
15-v
16-v
17-g
18-v
19-g
20-b
21-v
22-g
23-b
24-b
25-b
26-v

c) data storage device in a personal computer;

d) computer;

e) a material substance that can be used to record, store and (or) transmit information.

4. Third generation computers:

c) had integrated circuits as an elemental base, were distinguished by the ability to access from remote terminals, and were programmed using algorithmic languages;

d) had large integrated circuits and microprocessors as an elemental base; differed in their ability to process various types of information;

The result of executing the algorithm with input b equal to 2 will be:

b) information that reduces uncertainty;

3. Which of the following statements is obviously FALSE:

a) video recording of a school holiday is carried out for the purpose of processing information;

b) video recording of a school holiday is carried out for the purpose of transmitting information;

c) video recording of a school holiday is carried out for the purpose of storing information;

d) video recording of a school holiday is carried out for the purpose of classifying information;

e) video recording of a school holiday is carried out for the purpose of exchanging information.

4. The purpose of creating the “fifth generation of computers” was:

a) implementation of new principles of computer construction;

b) creation of cheap computers;

c) achieving high performance of personal computers (more than 10 billion operations per second);

d) implementation of the possibility of modeling human intelligence (creating artificial intelligence);

e) creation of a unified human-machine intelligence.

5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

The result of executing the algorithm with the input b equal to 3 will be:

6. At what initial values of the variables X and Y, as a result of executing the command X=X^Y – Y, the value of the variable X will become equal to two:

d) 5.1.
7. The text is given:

It is better to be a shepherd at home than to be a padishah in a foreign land.

c) 45
8. The sum of binary numbers 1001+1111 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 1001-100 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 1011x1011 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 77 in the binary number system is written as:

12. The binary number 11011 in the decimal number system is written as:

1. Information sufficient to solve a given problem is called:

a) useful, valuable

b) relevant;

c) complete;

d) reliable;

d) understandable.

2. Audio information is information that is perceived through:

a) organs of vision;

b) organs of touch (skin);

c) the organ of smell;

d) hearing organs;

d) organs of taste perception.

3. Indicate the “extra” object in terms of the way information is presented:

a) school textbook;

b) photograph;

c) telephone conversation;

d) picture;

d) drawing.

4. Fourth generation computers:

a) had electronic tubes as an elemental base; characterized by low speed and low reliability; programmed in machine codes;

b) had semiconductor elements as an elemental base; programmed using algorithmic languages;

c) had integrated circuits as an elemental base, were distinguished by the ability to access from remote terminals, and were programmed using algorithmic languages;

d) had large integrated circuits and microprocessors as an elemental base; differed in their ability to process various types of information;

e) had ultra-large integrated circuits as an elemental base, and had the ability to perceive video and sound information.

5. A block diagram of the algorithm is given

The result of executing the algorithm with input a equal to 1 will be:

CONCLUSION X

d) 11
7. The text is given:

You can't grab two watermelons with one hand.

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

at 6

9. The difference between binary numbers 11000-111 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 1110x1110 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 165 in the binary number system is written as:

12. The octal number 116 in the decimal number system is written as:

1. Information presented in a language accessible to the recipient is called:

a) complete;

b) useful;

c) relevant;

d) reliable;

d) understandable.

2. Audio information includes information that is transmitted through:

a) transfer of matter;

b) electromagnetic waves;

c) light waves;

d) sound waves;

e) iconic models.

a) information can be stored without a computer;

b) information can be stored without printed materials (books, newspapers, photo reproductions, etc.);

c) information can be stored in a library, video library, archive, etc.;

d) storage of information can be carried out without a material storage medium;

e) information can be stored in computer memory.

4. During execution, the application program is stored:

a) in video memory;

b) in the processor;

c) in RAM;

d) on the hard drive;

5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

Yes
The result of executing the algorithm with input N equal to 5 will be:

d) 20
6. Given is a fragment of the algorithm written in pseudocode:

CONCLUSION a,b

7. The text is given:

You can never please a person: he has everything, but everything is not enough for him.

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

8. The sum of binary numbers 111+100 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 11011-1110 is equal to:

c) 1101

10. The product of binary numbers 11101x110 is equal to:

a) 10101110

11. The decimal number 121 in the binary number system is written as:

b) 1111001

12. The hexadecimal number C0 in the decimal number system is written as:

1. The term “development of information processes” means:

a) reducing the conflict between a person’s limited abilities to perceive and process information and the amount of information circulating in society;

b) increasing the influence of the media on human activity;

c) increasing the country’s information resources;

d) increasing the share of information activity in the total volume of various types of human activity;

e) reducing the volume of control procedures over the processes of social production and distribution of material goods.

2. A person receives tactile information through:

a) special devices;

b) thermometer;

c) barometer;

d) organs of touch;

d) hearing organs.

3. Translation of text from English into Russian can be called:

a) the information process of information transfer;

b) the information process of information retrieval;

c) information processing process;

d) information storage process;

e) is not one of the above processes.

4. For long-term storage of information the following is used:

a) RAM;

b) processor;

c) external media;

d) disk drive;

d) power supply.

5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

6. Given is a fragment of the algorithm written in pseudocode:

CONCLUSION X

As a result, the number will be printed:

in 1
7. The text is given:

The Colorado potato beetle is an enemy of potatoes, and locusts are an enemy of grain.

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

at 8
8. The sum of binary numbers 1101+1001 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 101000-1010 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 1001x1001 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 169 in the binary number system is written as:

12. The octal number 170 in the decimal number system is written as:

1. Information with which you can solve a given problem is called:

a) useful, valuable;

b) relevant;

c) complete;

d) reliable;

d) understandable.

2. The following information is simultaneously stored in a mathematics textbook:

a) exclusively numerical information;

b) graphic, sound and numerical;

c) graphic, text and sound;

d) text information only;

e) textual, graphical, numerical.

3. Which of the following statements is FALSE:

a) an example of the transfer of information would be receiving a letter from a friend;

b) an example of information transfer can be the reader’s perception of the author’s thoughts when reading the text;

c) an example of information transfer can be the accuracy and reliability of information;

d) an example of information transmission can be a traffic light signal;

e) an example of information transfer can be a conversation between two subscribers on the phone.

4. Addressability of RAM means:

a) discreteness of structural units of memory;

b) energy dependence of RAM;

c) the possibility of random access to each memory unit;

d) the presence of a number for each RAM cell;

e) non-volatile RAM
5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

Yes
The result of executing the algorithm with input N equal to 3 will be:

6. Given is a fragment of the algorithm written in pseudocode:

CONCLUSION a,b

As a result, the numbers will be printed:

7. The text is given:

-Help me! Save! - the moneylender yelled after them.

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

at 8
8. The sum of binary numbers 1011+1011 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 11001-1111 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 11001x101 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 299 in the binary number system is written as:

12. The binary number 1011 in the decimal number system is written as:

1. In information theory, information is understood as:

a) signals from human senses;

b) information that reduces uncertainty;

c) characteristics of the object, expressed in numerical values;

d) reflected diversity of surrounding reality;

e) information that is new.

2. Information that does not depend on personal opinion or judgment can be called:

a) reliable;

b) relevant;

c) objective;

d) useful;

d) understandable.

3. An example of information processes can be:

a) processes of construction of buildings and structures;

b) processes of chemical and mechanical water purification;

c) processes of receiving, searching, storing, transmitting, processing and using information;

d) electricity production processes;

e) processes of extracting minerals from the bowels of the Earth.

4. The principle of software control of computer operation assumes:

a) binary coding of data in a computer;

b) modeling of human information activity when operating a computer;

c) the need to use an operating system for synchronous operation of hardware;

d) the ability to execute a whole series of commands without external intervention;

e) use of propositional calculus formulas to implement commands in a computer.

5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

Yes
The result of executing the algorithm with input N equal to 4 will be:

6. Given is a fragment of the algorithm written in pseudocode:

CONCLUSION a,b

As a result, the numbers will be printed:

7. The text is given:

I am an animal, and you are an animal, I am a mouse, you are a ferret...

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

at 10
8. The sum of binary numbers 1011+1100 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 100110-1011 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 1101x1101 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 81 in the binary number system is written as:

12. The hexadecimal number E2 in the decimal number system is written as:

№10

1. Audio information is information that is perceived through:

a) organs of vision;

b) organs of touch (skin);

c) the organ of smell;

d) hearing organs;

d) organs of taste perception.

2. Information processes are actions related to:

a) with the creation of global information systems;

c) with receiving (searching), storing, transmitting, processing and using information;

d) with the organization of a worldwide computer network;

e) with the development of new personal computers.

3. In the positional number system

a) the meaning of each sign in a number does not depend on the position occupied by the sign in the number record;

b) the meaning of each sign in a number in some cases does not depend on the position occupied by the sign in the number record;

c) the meaning of each sign in a number depends on the position the sign occupies in the notation of the number;

d) exactly one symbol is used to write numbers;

e) the quantitative equivalent of the meaning of each symbol does not depend on its position in the number code.

4. When turning off the computer, information:

a) disappears from RAM;

b) disappears from permanent storage;

c) erased on the “hard drive”;

d) erased on a magnetic disk;

erased on the CD.

5. The block diagram of the algorithm is given

Yes
When executing the algorithm, the numbers will be output:

a) 2; 5; 10; 17

b) 1; 4; 10; 17

6. Given is a fragment of the algorithm written in pseudocode:

CONCLUSION With

As a result, the number will be printed:

d) 4
7. The text is given:

The fired arrow does not return.

How much memory does this text occupy in the machine's memory?

8. The sum of binary numbers 1011+1000 is equal to:

9. The difference between binary numbers 110000-101 is equal to:

10. The product of binary numbers 10111x1101 is equal to:

11. The decimal number 125 in the binary number system is written as.